And all those free electrons are great at conducting electricity.

而那自由电子有很好的导电性。

The free electrons in metals are especially good at this vibrating-to-match-visible-light thing.

自由电子和金属产生的振荡与可见光波长匹配。

This was an important event! Free electrons are really really good at absorbing photons, absorbing light.

这是一个大事件！自由电子非常擅长吸收光子，吸收光。

To free electrons, something has to make them whirl fast enough to break away from their nuclei.

为了释放电子，必须使电子高旋转而足以摆脱原子核的束缚。

These moving electrons are called free electrons.

电子可以自由，称为 这的电子：电子。

So we’ve got insulators and conductors with free electrons moving around in them.

所以我们有绝缘和导， 其中有自由电子在其中。

These extra free electrons want to move as far away from one another as possible.

这额外的自由电子会尽可能多地离开 彼此可能。

We'll begin at the top with a device called a field emission source which generates free electrons.

我们将从顶部的一个称为场发射源的设备开始，该设备可以产生自由电子。

And when we talk about an object having an overall positive charge, we mean it’s missing free electrons.

当我们谈论一个整带正电荷的物时， 我们的意思是它缺少自由电子。

As these free electrons rush from one electrode to the other, they collide with more neon atoms, causing them to ionize as well.

当这自由电子从电极的一端涌向另一端，它们会与更多的氖原子碰撞，并使自身也离子化。

And when we talk about an object having an overall positive charge, we mean it's missing free electrons.

当我们谈论一个元素时 正总电荷，我们的意思是。

Sheldon, I told you, I only have access to the free electron laser at night. I can't drive you for the next few weeks.

谢尔顿我跟你说过了，我只有晚上才能用自由电子激光仪。接下来几个礼拜我都不能开车送你了。

And the amount of dispersion tells you how many free electrons that radio wave had to pass through to reach the detector.

色散量告诉您无线电波必须通过多少个自由电子才能到达检测器。

The kind of chemistry that happens inside of a battery is called electrochemistry because it involves reactions that produce or consume free electrons.

电池内部发生的化学反应称为电化学，因为它涉及产生或消耗自由电子的反应。

To figure this out, let's imagine we have a conductive sphere with a net negative charge meaning it has too many free electrons.

为了找出答案，想象一个带有总电荷的携带球 负的，意味着它有额外的自由电子。

The answer is an imbalance of electrical charge, when some part of an object has a different number of free electrons than another part.

基本上？

Plasma is kind of like a gas, except that its atoms have some of their electrons stripped off, so it's made up of positively-charged ions and a bunch of free electrons zooming around.

等离子就像种气，除了它原子上的一电子被扯下来了，所以它是由正离子组的，再加上很多自由电子在旁边乱转。

In the first few seconds after the Big Bang, the universe was a sea of free electrons and atomic nuclei, so unbelievably hot and dense that not even photons could escape that opaque cosmic pinball machine.

在大爆炸后的最初几秒钟，宇宙是自由电子和原子核的海洋，温度高得令人难以置信， 密度大到连光子都无法逃脱那台不透明的宇宙弹球机。

As these positively charged  helium nuclei are ejected at ludicrous speeds, the alpha particles run into atoms in the  atmosphere and knock off their electrons, thus creating positively charged nitrogen, oxygen,   other gasses, and thousands of free electrons.

当这带正电的氦核以惊人的度被喷射出来时，阿尔法粒子会撞上大气中的原子并撞击出电子，从而产生带正电的氮、氧、其他气和数千个自由电子。